Await a Task Completion Source Task for Async Data

The following can be modified to use yield return and observables
 private async void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            await Test();
        }
        Task Test()
        {
            WebClient w = new WebClient();
            return w.DownloadStringTaskAsync("");
        }

        Task RunCodeBlockAsync()
        {
            var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource();
            WebClient w = new WebClient();
            w.DownloadStringCompleted +=
                (_, args) =>
                {
                    tcs.SetResult(args.Result);
                };
            return tcs.Task;
        }

Context Menu style must be applied to MenuItem Level by ItemContainerStyle to avoid delegate command bind to the same target

Context Menu style must be applied to MenuItem Level by ItemContainerStyle

Using TextBox.ContextMenu will create two instances of the style s1 so it will not bind only one textbox by Multiple binding.

        <TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="10,554,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="TextBox" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="211" Name="tb1" >
            <TextBox.ContextMenu>
                <ContextMenu ItemsSource="{Binding Mode=OneWay,Path=SelectorData}" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource s1}"></ContextMenu>
            </TextBox.ContextMenu>
        </TextBox>

            <Style TargetType="MenuItem" x:Key="s1">
                <Setter Property="ItemsSource" Value="{Binding SubSelectorData}"></Setter>
                <Setter Property="Header" Value="{Binding Name}"></Setter>
                <Setter Property="Tag" Value="{Binding ReturnValue}"></Setter>
                <Setter Property="Command" Value="{Binding SelectorCommand}"></Setter>
                <Setter Property="CommandParameter">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource multiSenderTarget2CmdParamConv}">
                            <Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type TextBox}}"></Binding>
                            <Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Self}"></Binding>
                        </MultiBinding>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
           
            </Style>


public List<SelectorData> SelectorData { get; set; }

            SelectorService svc = new SelectorService();
            svc.SelectorCommandAll = new DelegateCommand<object>((p) =>
            {
                Tuple<object, object> t = p as Tuple<object, object>;
                TextBox tb = t.Item1 as TextBox;
                MenuItem mi = t.Item2 as MenuItem;
                tb.Text = mi.Tag.ToString() + ";" + mi.Header.ToString();

            });

    public class MutipleSenderTargetToCommandParameterConverter : System.Windows.Data.IMultiValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
        {
            if (values.Length == 1) return new Tuple<object>(values[0]);
            if (values.Length == 2) return new Tuple<object, object>(values[0], values[1]);


        <Style x:Key="ssOnlyOneInstanceNotWorking" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}" >
            <Setter Property="TextBox.ContextMenu" >
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ContextMenu ItemsSource="{Binding Mode=OneWay,Path=SelectorData}" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource s1}"></ContextMenu>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>


    public class SelectorData
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public List<SelectorData> SubSelectorData { get; set; }
        public bool HasSubSelectorData { get; set; }
        public int Level { get; set; }
        public DelegateCommand<object> SelectorCommand { get; set; }
        public string ReturnValue { get; set; }
    }

Self Arrange Top Windows

WPF Desktop App can Popup multiple full size windows randomly and confuse users. So it is useful to create a list storing these windows and arrange their display as One Full size with all other as thumbnail hanging to the side.


The following code implement what is shown in the screen shot. Note this assume one dispatcher due to threading issues. i.e all windows must pop up from on dispatcher.


Code for a window self arrange:
using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reactive.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace WpfApplication1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class Window2 : Window
    {
        #region declaration
        public IObservable<System.Reactive.EventPattern<EventArgs>> WindowLocationChangedRxEventArgs { get; set; }
        public IObservable<System.Reactive.EventPattern<MouseButtonEventArgs>> WindowMouseDownRxEventArgs { get; set; }
        public IObservable<System.Reactive.EventPattern<MouseEventArgs>> HeaderPreviewMouseMoveRxEventArgs { get; set; }

        public bool SwitchInProgress { get; set; }
        public static SortedList<DateTime, Window2> TopWindowList { get; set; }
        public Guid ID { get; set; }
        public DateTime AddedAt { get; set; }
        public static Point LocationOfArrangement { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region Contructor

        public Window2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            WindowStyle = System.Windows.WindowStyle.None;
            ResizeMode = System.Windows.ResizeMode.NoResize;
            ID = Guid.NewGuid();
            AddedAt = DateTime.Now;
            AddToList();
            ToolTip = ID.ToString();

            #region Event to Rx Observable

            WindowLocationChangedRxEventArgs = from evt in Observable.FromEventPattern<EventHandler, EventArgs>(h => this.LocationChanged += h, h => this.LocationChanged -= h)
                                         select evt;

            WindowLocationChangedRxEventArgs.Subscribe(evt =>
                {
                    Window2 w = evt.Sender as Window2;
                        if (w.IsFullSize && !w.SwitchInProgress)
                        {
                            LocationOfArrangement = new Point(w.Left, w.Top);
                            w.ArrangeDisplay();
                        }
                        if (w.SwitchInProgress) w.SwitchInProgress = false;        
                });

            WindowMouseDownRxEventArgs = from evt in Observable.FromEventPattern<MouseButtonEventHandler, MouseButtonEventArgs>(h => MouseDown += h, h => MouseDown -= h)
                               select evt;
            WindowMouseDownRxEventArgs.Subscribe(evt =>
                {
                    Window2 w = evt.Sender as Window2;
                    if (w.IsFullSize) return;
                    SwitchInProgress = true;
                    ArrangeDisplay(true);

                });

            HeaderPreviewMouseMoveRxEventArgs = from evt in Observable.FromEventPattern<MouseEventHandler, MouseEventArgs>(h => header.PreviewMouseMove += h, h => header.PreviewMouseMove -= h)
                                                select evt;

            HeaderPreviewMouseMoveRxEventArgs.Subscribe(evt => {
                if (evt.EventArgs.LeftButton == MouseButtonState.Pressed)
                {
                    DragMove();
                }
            });

            #endregion

            t1.Text = "Just for Identication: " + ID + " " + AddedAt.ToString();
            t2.Text = "Managed Thread Id " + System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
        }

        static Window2()
        {
            TopWindowList = new SortedList<DateTime, Window2>();
            LocationOfArrangement = new Point(300, 300);
        }

        #endregion

        #region List

        public void RemoveFromListById(Guid id)
        {
           var w= TopWindowList.FirstOrDefault(_=>_.Value.ID==id);
            TopWindowList.Remove(w.Key);
        }

        public void AddToList()
        {
            Window2 w = (from _ in TopWindowList.Values  where _.ID == this.ID select _).FirstOrDefault();
            if (w == null)
            {
                TopWindowList.Add(AddedAt, this);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Arrange

        public void ArrangeDisplay(bool MakeMeFullSize = false)
        {
                ArrangeSize(MakeMeFullSize);
                ArrangeLocaton();
                ToggleContent();
        }

        #endregion

        #region Content
        public void ShowFullContent()
        {
                    v.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
                    g.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        }

        public void ShowSmallContent()
        {
            v.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
            g.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        }
        private void ToggleContent()
        {
            foreach (var t in TopWindowList.Values)
            {
                if (t.IsFullSize)  t.ShowFullContent();
                else t.ShowSmallContent();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Location

        private void ArrangeLocaton()
        {
            Window2 prevThumbnail = null;
            TopWindowList.OrderBy(_ => _.Key);
            for (int i = 0; i < TopWindowList.Values.Count;i++ )
            {
                var t = TopWindowList.Values[i];
                if (t.IsFullSize)
                {
                           t.Top = LocationOfArrangement.Y;
                           t.Left = LocationOfArrangement.X;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (prevThumbnail == null)
                    {

                           t.Top = LocationOfArrangement.Y;
                           t.Left = LocationOfArrangement.X - t.Width - 2;

                    }
                    else
                    {
                        double d1 = 0;
                        double d2 = 0;
                            d1 = prevThumbnail.Top + prevThumbnail.Height;
                            d2 = prevThumbnail.Left;

                           t.Top = d1 + 2;
                           t.Left = d2;
 
                    }
                    prevThumbnail = t;
                }

            }
            
        }

        #endregion

        #region Sizing

        private bool IsFullSize { get; set; }
        private void ShowFullSize()
        {
            ResizeMode = System.Windows.
            ResizeMode.CanResize;
            Width = 300;
            Height = 300;
            ResizeMode = System.Windows.ResizeMode.NoResize;
            IsFullSize = true;
        }

        private void ShowThumbnailSize()
        {
            ResizeMode = System.Windows.ResizeMode.CanResize;
            Width = 50;
            Height = 50;
            ResizeMode = System.Windows.ResizeMode.NoResize;
            IsFullSize = false;
        }

        private void ArrangeSize(bool MakeMeFullSize = false)
        {
            if (MakeMeFullSize)
                foreach (var t in TopWindowList.Values)
                {
                    if (t.ID == this.ID) t.ShowFullSize();
                    else

                        t.ShowThumbnailSize();
                }
            else
            {
                var q = (from _ in TopWindowList.Values where _.IsFullSize select _).FirstOrDefault();
                if (q == null && TopWindowList.Values.Count > 0)
                {
                    TopWindowList.OrderBy(_ => _.Key);
                    TopWindowList.Values[0].ArrangeDisplay(true);
                }
                if(q!=null)
                {
                    if (q.ID != ID)
                    {
                 
                            ShowThumbnailSize();
                        
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        #endregion

    }
}


Xaml code
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window2"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="Window2" Height="300" Width="300" BorderBrush="Gray" BorderThickness="1" ShowInTaskbar="False">
    <Grid>
    <Grid Name="g">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="21*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="111*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="95*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="40*"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="150" MinWidth="144"/>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="150" MinWidth="148"/>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <Rectangle Name="header" Fill="Gray"   Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="20" Stroke="Black" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="292" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"  />
        <TextBox  Name="t1" Height="101" Margin="10,0,18,0" Grid.Row="1" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" Text="TextBox" VerticalAlignment="Top" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"/>
        <TextBox Name="t2"  Height="89" Margin="10,4,18,0" Grid.Row="2" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="TextBox" VerticalAlignment="Top" Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"/>
        <Button Content="Send"    Grid.Row="3"  Grid.Column="1" Margin="10,4,17,6"/>
        <Button Content="Close"  Grid.Row="3"  Grid.Column="0" Margin="10,4,10,6"/>
 
    </Grid>
        <Viewbox Name="v" Visibility="Collapsed" >
            <StackPanel>
            <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" >Thumbnail Content </TextBlock>
                <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" >Small Size Shrinkable</TextBlock>
            </StackPanel>
        </Viewbox>
    </Grid>
</Window>


Code To Simulate Windows Mutiple PopUp
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {

            Observable.Interval(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3)).Subscribe((t) =>
            {
                Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
                {
                    Window2 w = new Window2() { };
                    w.Show();
                    w.ArrangeDisplay();
                });
            });
}

Directly Accessing Dispatcher from Observables may freeze UI

The following code made UI not responsive, can not move either main or popup windows.
It seems that directly hitting dispatcher can overwhelm it. Consider using BlockingCollection.



// Observer Popup window every 5 seconds. e.g. RFQ and its updates come in during peak market hours.

        private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Observable.Interval(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)).Subscribe((t)=>
            {
                this.Dispatcher.Invoke(() => { (new Window1() { Title = t.ToString() }).Show(); });
               // this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new Action(() => { (new Window1() { Title = t.ToString() }).Show(); }));  // same behavior

        });



// each window may take long time to PopUp during data delay or binding on UI Thread.
   public partial class Window1 : Window
    {
        public Window1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Thread.Sleep(5000); // simulating delay on UI Thread.
        }
    }

One solution is to use multiple dispatchers

        private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Observable.Interval(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)).Subscribe((t) =>
            {
                Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(show));
                th.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
                th.IsBackground = true;
                th.Start();

            });
        }
        void show()
        {

            Windows w= new Window1() { Title = DateTime.Now.ToString() });

w.Show();

  w.Closed += (sender2, e2) =>
      w.Dispatcher.InvokeShutdown();
System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run();
        }

Converting stream to Observable through Async Pattern

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IPEndPoint p = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.0.107"), 11000
            Socket sok = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            
            sok.Connect(p);
            NetworkStream s= new NetworkStream(sok);
            var f = Observable.FromAsyncPattern(s.BeginRead, s.EndRead);
            byte[] b = new byte[60];

           var obs2 = Observable.While(() => s.DataAvailable, Observable.Defer(() => f(b, 0, 60)));
           Thread.Sleep(5000);
           obs2.Subscribe(x =>
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(1000);
                            char[] cs = Encoding.UTF7.GetChars(b, 0, x);
                            Console.WriteLine("out" + new string(cs));
                        });
      
           Console.ReadLine();        
        }
Note that FromAsyncPattern is marked obsolete.

Socket Server stream out data:

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            byte[] bytes = new Byte[1024];

            IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName());
            IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
            IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 11000);

            // Create a TCP/IP socket.
            Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            try
            {
                listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
                listener.Listen(10);

                // Start listening for connections.
                
           
                    Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection...");
                    Socket handler = listener.Accept();
                    while (true)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        string s = "Data @ " + DateTime.Now.ToString();
                            Console.WriteLine("sending..." +s);
                        byte[] msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(s);

                        handler.Send(msg);
                    }
                    handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                    handler.Close();
                  
                    Console.ReadLine();
               
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
            }

            Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue...");
            Console.Read();

        }
    }

Subscriber block Observable

Rx observable waits for each subscribe to process in single threaded fashion. So Blocking happens

            var obs = System.Reactive.Linq.Observable.Range(0, 200, System.Reactive.Concurrency.Scheduler.TaskPool).Publish();
            obs.Timestamp().Select(i => i).
            Subscribe(i => { Console.WriteLine("sub1 block " + i); Thread.Sleep(3000); });

            obs.Timestamp().Select(i => i).
Subscribe(i => { Console.WriteLine("sub2  " + i); });
            obs.Connect();

            Console.ReadLine();  

Calculating Max number of Pages used to host Handle Table Enties by Executive

Here are information related to System Internal in general
http://live.sysinternals.com/

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963901.aspx

http://blogs.technet.com/b/markrussinovich/archive/2009/09/29/3283844.aspx

The JPG shows the actual calculation: